Bridge can do most things you are looking for outside of duplicate detection. If your file structure is OK. Duplicate detection is not something that should be needed regularly.

You can view items in subfolders and batch process with Adobe Camera Raw and Photoshop Actions - https://imgur.com/a/ogJdffZ

I’m not satisfied with Bridge and its annoyances, but I might be missing what your goals are.

Blackout curtains.

You can edit the capture time in Bridge. It’s in the Edit menu.