Hi. Need help with creating the ‘for’ macro. It must take a parameter, an initial value, an end value, and a loop step. Macro must return amount of iteration. Various operations should take place inside it. It should be designed without leaks.The preliminary version looks like this:

(defmacro for ((param-name start-value end-value &optional (step1 1)) &body body)
  (let* ((func-name (gensym))
(start (gensym))
(param-name (gensym))
(comparison (if (< step1 0) '< '>))
(end (gensym))
(step (gensym))
(k (gensym)))
'(labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,start ,end ,step ,k)
(let ((new-exprs (progn ,@body))
(newK (+ 1 ,k)))
(if (,comparison ,end ,param-name)
(,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step) ,start ,end ,step newK)
newK))))
(,func-name ,param-name ,start-value ,end-value ,step1 0))))

I understand that it looks terrible. I don’t understand how you can access the parameter without violating the rule about leaks.

  • lispm@alien.topBEnglish
    1·
    10 months ago
    (defmacro for ((param-name start-value end-value &optional (step1 1)) &body body)
  (let* ((func-name (gensym))
         (comparison (if (< step1 0) '< '>))
         (start (gensym))
         (end (gensym))
         (step (gensym))
         (k (gensym)))

    `(let ((,start ,start-value)
           (,end   ,end-value)
           (,step  ,step1))

       (labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,k)
                  (let ((new-exprs (progn ,@body)))
                    (if (,comparison ,end ,param-name)
                        (,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step) (1+ ,k))
                      ,k))))
         (,func-name ,start 1)))))

    Make sure that the new form evaluates the macro arguments in the correct order. The LET enforces it.

    Now you would need to think what to do about the step thing.

    Can it only be a number? Can it be computed? What if the step value is negative?

    How to check that the PARAM-NAME is actually a symbol?

    Write some test cases.

        • Revolutionary_Utena@alien.topOPBEnglish
          1·
          10 months ago

          (defmacro for
            ((param-name start-value end-value &optional (step1 1)) &body body)
              (let* ((func-name (gensym))
                     (comp (gensym))
                     (comparison (if (< step1 0) '<= '>=))
                     (start (gensym))
                     (end (gensym))
                     (step (gensym))
                     (k (gensym)))
                `(let ((,start ,start-value)
                       (,comp ,comparison)
                       (,end ,end-value)
                       (,step ,step1))
                  (labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,k)
                             (if (,comparison ,end ,param-name)
                                 (progn (progn ,@body)
                                   (,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step)
                                               (1+ ,k)) ,k))))
                  (,func-name ,start 1)))))

          ​

          Do you know how can I close leak with comparison? When I am trying to bound comp to evaluated operator of comparison I receive error.

          • lispm@alien.topBEnglish
            1·
            10 months ago

            (defmacro for   ((param-name start-value end-value &optional (step1 1)) &body body)     (let* ((func-name (gensym))            (comp (gensym))            (comparison (if (< step1 0) '<= '>=))            (start (gensym))            (end (gensym))            (step (gensym))            (k (gensym)))       `(let ((,start ,start-value)              (,comp ,comparison)              (,end ,end-value)              (,step ,step1))         (labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,k)                    (if (,comparison ,end ,param-name)                        (progn (progn ,@body)                          (,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step)                                      (1+ ,k)) ,k))))         (,func-name ,start 1)))))

            Your indentation is wrong. The last ,k is at a wrong place. Shouldn’t it be returned by the other if clause.

            If you have an error and you need help, then you need to provide the necessary information:

            • a reproducible example
            • the error message
            • Revolutionary_Utena@alien.topOPBEnglish
              1·
              10 months ago

              (defmacro for
                ((param-name start-value end-value &optional (step1 1)) &body body)
                  (let* ((func-name (gensym))
                         (comp (gensym))
                         (comparison (if (< step1 0) '<= '>=))
                         (start (gensym))
                         (end (gensym))
                         (step (gensym))
                         (k (gensym)))
                    `(let ((,start ,start-value)
                           (,comp ,comparison)
                           (,end ,end-value)
                           (,step ,step1))
                      (labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,k)
                                 (if (,comp ,end ,param-name)
                                     (progn (progn ,@body)
                                       (,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step)
                                                   (1+ ,k)) ) ,k)))
                      (,func-name ,start 0)))))

              Sorry man. I kinda fixed the issue. When I am trying to call macros, it return me error
              ; compilation unit finished

              ; Undefined functions:

              ; #:G1 #:G7

              ; Undefined variable:

              ; >=
              I don’t know how to deal with bounding <= or >= to generated variable.

              • lispm@alien.topBEnglish
                1·
                10 months ago

                why would evaluate the comparison? The comparison is a symbol, which a name for the function. Just use that symbol and insert it into the code.

                (defmacro for ((param-name start-value end-value &amp;optional (step1 1)) &amp;body body)
  (let* ((func-name (gensym))
         (comparison (if (&lt; step1 0) '&lt;= '>=))
         (start (gensym))
         (end (gensym))
         (step (gensym))
         (k (gensym)))
    `(let ((,start ,start-value)
           (,end ,end-value)
           (,step ,step1))
       (labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,k)
                  (if (,comparison ,end ,param-name)
                      (progn (progn ,@body)
                        (,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step)
                                    (1+ ,k)))
                    ,k)))
         (,func-name ,start 0)))))

                If you actually want to make sure that function does not get redefined, you need to understand that functions and variables are in different namespaces. You would need to get a function object and funcall it.

                (defmacro for ((param-name start-value end-value &amp;optional (step1 1))
               &amp;body body)
  (let* ((func-name (gensym))
         (comp (gensym))
         (comparison (if (&lt; step1 0) '#'&lt;= '#'>=))
         (start (gensym))
         (end (gensym))
         (step (gensym))
         (k (gensym)))
    `(let ((,start ,start-value)
           (,comp ,comparison)
           (,end ,end-value)
           (,step ,step1))
       (labels ((,func-name (,param-name ,k)
                  (if (funcall ,comp ,end ,param-name)
                      (progn (progn ,@body)
                        (,func-name (+ ,param-name ,step)
                                    (1+ ,k)) ) ,k)))
         (,func-name ,start 0)))))

                But you don’t need that.

                If you want to debug macros, you need to see the expansion. Do it like this:

                CL-USER 14 > (pprint
              (macroexpand
               '(for (i start end)
                  (print i))))

(LET ((#:G1788 START) (#:G1789 END) (#:G1790 1))
  (LABELS ((#:G1787 (I #:G1791)
             (IF (>= #:G1789 I)
                 (PROGN
                   (PROGN (PRINT I))
                   (#:G1787 (+ I #:G1790) (1+ #:G1791)))
               #:G1791)))
    (#:G1787 #:G1788 0)))