Logline
When an existential crisis threatens to wipe out a beloved but infamous Star Trek species, a cadet is forced to confront his past and strained relationship with his family. As he pursues an unexpected method of coping, Nahla races against time to save this species from extinction.
Written by: Gaia Violo & Eric Anthony Glover
Directed by: Doug Aarniokoski
Caleb explicitly mentions the Prime Directive, stating that it doesn’t apply here, but without explaining why not. I always understood that this directive applies only to pre-warp societies, which the Klingon society is not, but I may be wrong.
The PD applies to everyone the Federation encounters, pre- or post-warp.
The PD prevented the Federation from intervening in Bajoran internal affairs (DS9: “The Circle”). It prevented the Federation from intervening in the Klingon Civil War (TNG: “Redemption”). It prevented Picard from interfering with the Kaelon tradition of elder euthanasia, despite Lwaxana’s entreaties (TNG: “Half a Life”) and with the Ligonian’s racist culture (TNG: “Code of Honor”). Kirk assured the Vians that even though they were more advanced than the Federation, the PD applied to them as well (TOS: “The Empath”).
The pre-warp and post-warp distinction is not about whether or not you get to interfere; it’s just the useful and most common criterion for first contact, i.e. when it is likely safe enough that first contact - revealing the existence of aliens - will not immediately alter the social and technological order. And a world that has achieved warp drive will be finding out about aliens soon enough. And even then it can be assessed that a civilisation still isn’t ready (TNG: “First Contact”).
At the end of the day, the PD is about non-interference, period. TOS even calls it the “non-interference directive” in TOS: “The Apple”, “A Piece of the Action” and “Patterns of Force”. Picard calls it that in TNG: “Justice”.
The PD applies to all civilizations, but is more permissive with those that are already capable of FTL travel. When a species is out travelling the galaxy, you can interact and negotiate with them, but you can’t directly interfere with their business.
Caleb is leaning hard into the “pre-warp” side of it, as many fans tend to do, which is why he said those particular regulations don’t apply. He’s just conveniently ignoring the rest of the PD, assuming it’s still in force in the 32nd century.
Edit: I’m wrong - I was conflating Caleb’s argument and the earlier debate about returning to pre-warp times. Caleb’s argument isn’t explained, and we funny get to hear what he’s saying immediately before.