Wikipedia will tell you that it is pain and unpleasantness. But that is too shallow. That isn’t true suffering. To me, suffering is when thoughts start causing physical pain. When the prospect of death seems like the only escape. But sometimes not even death can stop suffering.
I’ve been thinking about this a lot. What is the nature, the purpose of suffering. And then, it hit me. Maybe the lack of a purpose is the problem? It is easier to take pain when we know when it will end, or when we know that it is a pain of healing. But when it is a destructive pain, or suffering without a purpose, then it is true suffering. Pain for the sake of pain, where nothing is gained and everything is lost. Is that the nature of suffering? I don’t know. I can’t say that I experienced true suffering on that level. I don’t think anyone has. Or at least they haven’t lived long enough to tell the tale.
Is being stuck upside down in a cave until you slowly die, knowing nobody will come to rescue you true suffering? Is being a victim of a terrible crime and not being able to ever get justice for it true suffering? Or is it something simpler?
I was never good with words. So please don’t blame me if I can’t fully define it. That is exactly why I ask this question. I invite you all to discuss the essence and the nature of suffering with me. I wish to understand.
DISCLAIMER: This is a philosophical question. Nothing more, nothing less.
Once upon a time, there was a fragile ape, too scared from climbing down from their tree, lest they ended up as a dinner for a hungry lioness just like their relatives once became. One day, there was this heavy storm, and a serpent made of a million suns climbed down from the skies onto the tree; the tree became a sun itself. The ape quickly jumped to a far branch and fell from it while trying to grip themselves to its tip.
They looked at the tree branch they’ve got at their hands and realized it was also becoming a sun-serpent. Before the ape could even process their own fright, they couldn’t help but realize every animal was running: suddenly, the lioness was fleeing instead of jumping onto the ape. Drowning under their own epinephrine, the ape came to a conclusion which I could translate as “lioness fled, me still standing, me have sun-serpent, sun-serpent friend, me fearsome”.
The ape smiled, before realizing their fur were being eaten by the sun-serpent, and this was painful as hell; they got struck by this sudden urge to keep running, until they accidentally fell into the river, and the sun-serpent stopped consuming their fur; but this was too late: they lost their fur. Now the furless ape found themselves in a covenant they didn’t ask for: they lost the only thing that was barely protecting them from the maw of a lioness, but they got this sun-serpent to protect them, so they got to keep this sun-serpent with them.
Fast-forwarding to present time, the furless apes, the “modern” homininæ, are running in circles. Some of the apes have since been drowning the entire big blue tree a smart ape once called as “Pale Blue Dot” under the breath of the sun-serpent while desiring so badly to climb to this distant big red tree they call as “Mars”. They’ve made big funny phallic rocks become big birds by attaching the sun-serpent to the bottom of big funny phallic rocks. An ape with orange hair have been trying to become the owner of the entire big blue tree and expecting all apes to hand him all bananas from big blue tree. Other apes are trying to make square rock become god-ape by making sun-serpent breathe onto it.
These are a few apes trying to control all the other apes like they (think they) control sun-serpent. As for the majority of the apes, they are too busy trying to be part of sun-serpent controlling underneath the whims of another furless apes, furless “boss” ape, hopefully in exchange for a banana by the end of the month because trees got scorched and no bananas can be harvested other than trees that furless “boss” ape control (and these bananas aren’t even edible bananas to begin with, the tree is a fake plastic tree).
Among them, there’s this strange ape writing a lengthy text about the history of apes using a small decade-old square rock, aware he’s also ape but unable to revert his own nature to fully live in the arms of Mother Nature, because other apes require him to be among apes.
And we apes call this “civilization”. Could this funny strange ape writing long text about history of apes call it “self-inflicted suffering”, other apes would throw rocks at him.
Yet here we are, in a self-inflicted suffering, me included. We’re apes who think we lost our home and have since then wandered around and yearned for a new tree, only for the sun-serpent we carry within us consume every new tree we finally got to stumble upon.
We’re too afraid to return to that old, scorched tree and try to climb it again: we fear sun-serpent would wrathfully descend from the skies again… yet we’re holding sun-serpent at our furless hands and we think we can control it. We fear the sun-serpent because we fear ourselves. Then we want to think we can control sun-serpent because we got no control over ourselves. Because we’ve been seeking to become sun-serpents ourselves; in this pointless endeavor, we’ve become too alienated from the very fauna and flora we belong to, too afraid of begging Mother Nature Her pardon (She is very unlikely to pardon us).
I go with the buddhist thing. suffering is when we don’t get what we desire. It a bit tricky because things that are common or normal we don’t think about desiring until we don’t have them. People want to be safe and healthy and free and we can’t have this is various ways and when we can’t even have the slightest bit its way worse.
I highly recommend you look into Buddhism. This concept is explored in depth.
I’m not asking the Buddha about the nature of suffering. I’m asking you, the people. What is it to you?
I also think it’s the thing the Buddha said. It was very well stated and made a lot of sense. You should go read about it.
Why are you asking?
Attachment.
You mean as a concept or as in file? I assume a concept, since there are no file attachments or links here.
Attachment is definitely a cause of suffering, but it is not the essence of it. There can be suffering without attachment, and attachment without suffering.
How can there be suffering without attachment?
I think your line of reasoning falls somewhere between the “No True Scotsman” and “Persuasive Definition” logical fallacies.
While one can be aware of their own threshold for what they consider “suffering”, one cannot set that threshold for anyone else. To some, a papercut may be suffering, while others may enjoy physical pain and suffer when their dog dies.
The point I’m trying to make is there is no true suffering. Suffering is whatever the sufferer says it is and it’s a subjective experience, so that would apply only to them. We can, of course, generalize the idea of suffering, as Wikipedia has done in the definition you provided but again, this can really only explain the fact that suffering exists or maybe even the fact that many people consider many of the same things to be forms of suffering.
You may enjoy the teachings of Buddha, as his beginning premise is basically “all life is suffering” and his teachings largely revolve around the nature of suffering and how to accept it / overcome it.
I did not mean to look for scenarios of true suffering. That is pointless. I’m more interested in the concept itself. It’s not just pain and futility. Suffering is something else, something distinct. I’m not trying to find the “true definition”. I just want to know different perspectives to understand the concept better.
I do agree that the concept is subjective to a large degree, and what I am looking for are the parts that are not subjective, the “core” of the concept. Thank you for providing your perspective.
The description of suffering that I identify with is a desire for things to be other than they are. I may experience physical pain and want it to end; that’s a type of suffering. I may desire for my annoying co-worker to stop bragging about his vacation and get to the point of the meeting; that’s another kind of suffering. I know that there are people in concentration camps in the US, right now, suffering who knows what all torments and indignities of their own that I wish to end; that gives me some suffering even though I am not there with them, nor do I know their situation exactly.
All of these things, and millions more, are things about my experience of the world that I desire to be different. The fact that they aren’t as I would like is upsetting, and I must either change them or, if I can’t, I must suffer them.
I can’t think about them all the time. It used to be that I thought my only options were to think about them all the time, which is exhausting, or not think about them at all, which feels callous to the point of psychopathy. A large part of my mental health journey has been tuning how I identify, deal with, and compartmentalize the suffering I do, on my own behalf and on the behalf of others.
I don’t think suffering is bad, or to be avoided. It is a thing to become familiar with, like anger (itself usually a response to suffering), that needs to be identified for what it is and channeled. Suffering is very like an emotion in that it is an indicator in the brain that you want something different. Sometimes, identifying the suffering makes it easier to identify and remedy the cause. Other times, the cause is so huge and overwhelming (the whole US situation right now), that I just have to deal with suffering the whole thing while I do what small things I can to make things a little bit better.
I define suffering the same way I define art:
- I know it when I see it
- I can look at someone’s suffering, call it suffering, while some pretentious jagoff next to me goes, “Pff, that’s not suffering. You clearly don’t know what real suffering is.”
- Some suffering I like, some suffering I don’t.
- I had to go to school to learn about other people’s suffering.
- Some of us hide our suffering and some display it
- Some people use their suffering to make money
- I tried to show other people my suffering and they laughed at it. So I don’t show people my suffering anymore.
So is it subjective in your view?
And could you explain what you mean by “Some suffering I like, some suffering I don’t.”? I don’t exactly understand that one?
I’m not the person you were replying to, but I read that as when you witness suffering.
Watching a news report about ongoing genocide is suffering I don’t like. Watching a trillionaire get flensed is the sort of suffering I can get behind.
Although maybe it could be personal experience. Going to the gym can be a rather mild form of suffering, but it’s probably something you would choose to do and learn to enjoy.
Life. Life itself is suffering. Life is the worst thing to have happened to anyone.
Regarding purpose, no one has any purpose. Purpose is assigned to tools; not to sentient beings with consciousness. Life is utterly meaningless, and it is due to this lack of meaning, that we search for superfluous things like purpose.
The true nature of life is suffering. The default state of life is pain. Everything you do from there is just to temporarily alleviate that pain. You keep doing that until you die.
We have friends and lovers because loneliness is painful. We eat because hunger is painful. We sleep because deprivation from it is painful. We laugh so that we can escape from crying.
People say suffering is a hurdle, and see it as something essential for character development, and whilst I acknowledge the essentiality of some types of pain, I also see it as something contingent on life. We suffer becauae you are alive. All sentient and conscious beings suffer. It just comes with life.
Note that I am not however, promoting termination of life. By terminating your life early, you would be depriving yourself of all the potential pleasures you could have had (regardless of the pain around them). Once you are here, your optimization problem should be maximization of pleasure and minimization of pain. So, whilst the asymmetry still exists, the potentiality for pleasure might (/should?) be enough of an reason to continue living. I do acknowledge that exceptions do exist where the asymmetry is so skewed for some, to the extent that there is little to no potential pleasure for them, in which case, it might be preferable for them to terminate their own life (think extremely painful chronic/terminal illnesses). I’m sorry if this feels a bit loosey-goosey.
With all that said, I believe we are all sufferers from the incurable disease of life. And the only thing to do from here is to vehemently struggle and rebel against suffering. To help our fellow sufferers and maximize the pleasurable moments. To do everything we can to cope with life whilst still being aware of the true suffering it stands for.
I tend to agree with Wikipedia. Pain is tricky, some can be enjoyable in certain contexts, so you are right that it’s a response to the stimulus more than the physical sensation.
But combined with “unpleasantness” it’s spot on. When I get a migraine I am suffering even if I try to adjust my mind to accept it differently, it’s unpleasant no matter how I slice it. It’s one of the feelings humans seem wired for.
No offense, but you are like the third person to bring masochism into the discussion. What’s up with that? Just because someone “can find pain enjoyable” doesn’t mean that “suffering” means something else to them.
Or am I mistaken on that?
It’s just a physical sensation, and amplifies my pleasure during sex, adds intensity in a good way, I’m surely not alone in that. So to me, it’s not simply the physical sensation of any pain that is suffering, since some amount is pleasurable. It’s not just a sex thing though, presumably you like spicy food, that involves some level of pain but is enjoyable.
Unpleasantness combined with pain causes me to suffer.
Queen sang a song with the refrain “pain is so close to pleasure” you don’t need to be much of a masochistic to enjoy a little pain during sex
Suffering is an emotion, a mood, a state of mind.
The stimulus is almost irrelevant.That is a very vague description. I’m not asking for a definition. What does it mean to you personally? Is it simply a “state of mind”. If so, is it equal to other states of mind, and if yes, in what ways?
It’s just like happy, angry, sad, bored, content, nervous.
Suffering is an emotion. Nothing more complex than that.
I like the fact that “to suffer” can be a transitive verb, taking a direct object, of which “I don’t suffer fools” is an example, albeit not one relevant to this theme, in which case it partially carries the meaning “to endure”.
Firstly, I don’t think that there is a predetermined or universal purpose of suffering. I think that the Wikipedia abstraction is in fact good, because it moves away from trying to generalize.
Secondly, your examples conflict with the question in the title, because your examples, while helpful for starting discussions, make it sound like you are trying to hear what people think are the worst ways to suffer, simply. The question in the title of your post, on the other hand, is to me much more intriguing, since it enables me to say:
To me, suffering can be sweet, although this interpretation perhaps deviates from its most common connotations, as in, the result of torture, agony, anger, fear, grief and so on. Whenever my self hatred reaches levels that drive me to start imaging hurting people around me in order to release, I instead turn all that destructive energy inwards, and when I do, I want to vomit, scream, bleed, explode, implode and die, but the total result of that, which is one example of what I call suffering, can give me such a kick of adrenaline that I experience some sort of euphoria.
Suffering in itself is nothing more than a Wikipedia abstraction. Only in a context with an active subject/actor does it have purpose or function. For animals, including humans, self aware or not, for instance, it can serve as an indicator that a certain behavior, place or adversary needs to be avoided and that this knowledge has to be passed on to their descendants.
Thank you for the comment. The examples I gave were purely for the purpose of roughly approximating my personal definition/understanding of “suffering”. I tried to be vague, to avoid making people think of “worst ways to suffer”. Seems it didn’t work very well.
You say that to you suffering is a result. But I don’t fully agree with that view. Suffering is not an emotion, it’s more of a state. Emotions are reactions, states are different, more complex. And self-loathing is not the essence of suffering either. Not to me personally. But it is definitely a part of it.
Personally, I don’t connect the concepts of suffering and catharsis. These actually seem like opposites. I tried to separate the concepts of suffering and pain (including mental pain), but they are too connected to do that. Although, what I can definitely say: Just physical pain or just mental pain is not “true suffering”. At no point am I trying to deminish or “put down” people who say that these things make them suffer. It is just that I am looking for the central “concept” around suffering, and what it means to people.
Thank you for your contribution to the dicussion.
The true nature of suffering is the repetion of mistakes and the observence of the patterns that lead to those mistakes and being concious of the caused sufferung but being powerless and unable to stop it.
That seems more like futility than suffering. Futility is definitely a part of “suffering”, but I do not think it is the essence. There’s also the perception. If someone keeps making the same mistake and doesn’t notice, they do not suffer like the person who does notice.
But thank you for contributing your perspective.
What greater suffering could there be but futility- suffering for nothing?
It’s a word made by humans.
The descriptor is not the essence. Do you look at an image and say that it is the thing it represents?
I mean you can interpret so much into that word if you want… it’s just self-destruction wallowing in Weltschmerz. That’s not philosophical, that’s depression










